What Is Marcus Gunn Phenomenon?
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
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Marcus Gunn Phenomenon
MGP; Jaw-winking; Maxillopalpebral synkinesis; Marcus Gunn syndrome; Familial Marcus Gunn phenomenon
Marcus Gunn phenomenon is a rare condition characterized by movement of the upper eyelid in a rapid rising motion (a "wink") each time the jaw moves.
Illustration of an Eye
Image by InspiredImages/Pixabay
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
Signs and symptoms of Marcus Gunn phenomenom (MGP) may include the following:
These symptoms are usually first noticed in infancy while bottle or breastfeeding.
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
While it may not be needed in every case, people with Marcus Gunn phenomenon may benefit from surgery. Children with Marcus Gunn phenomenon need to be regularly monitored for amblyopia. If not addressed by age 7 to 10 years of age, amblyopia may become untreatable. Untreated severe ptosis can also result in vision loss. Other associated eye problems, such as horizontal strabismus, vertical strabismus, and double elevator palsy typically need to be addressed before considering how to manage Marcus Gunn phenomenon itself. These related eye problems may be corrected with eyeglasses, surgery, and/or medications.
Surgery for Marcus Gunn phenomenon may be considered for ptosis or jaw winking that is considered cosmetically significant, or causing amblyopia. Depending on the degree of ptosis and severity of jaw winking, several surgical techniques have been proposed. For mild Marcus Gunn phenomenon, management has included observation, levator muscle resection, and the Fasanella-Servat procedure.
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
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