What Is Takayasu Arteritis?
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
You can contact us here
Takayasu Arteritis
TA; Young female arteritis; Takayasu disease; Pulseless disease; Aortic arch syndrome
Takayasu arteritis is a condition that causes inflammation of the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body (aorta) and its associated branched blood vessels. This causes thickening of those vessels and decreased blood flow, leading to damage of the heart and other organs. Learn what causes it and how it's treated.
Takayasu Arteritis
Image by Justin Ly
Takayasu arteritis
Image by Weiss PF, Corao DA, Pollock AN, Finkel TH, Smith SE
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
Fatigue
Image by TheVisualMD
The signs, symptoms, and complications of vasculitis vary depending on which type of vasculitis you have, the organs involved, and the severity of the condition. Some people may have few signs and symptoms. Other people may become very sick.
Sometimes the signs and symptoms develop slowly, over months. The signs and symptoms may also develop very quickly, over days or weeks. Some people have general signs and symptoms, such as:
Vasculitis may lead to the following problems in particular organs or parts of your body:
Inflammation from vasculitis can block normal blood flow, which can damage parts of the body. Complications depend on which parts of the body are damaged, and they can be life-threatening. They include:
Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
What Is Inflammation
Image by TheVisualMD
Vasculitis occurs when your immune system injures your blood vessels by mistake. What causes this to happen is not fully known, but when it occurs, your blood vessels become inflamed and can narrow or close off. Rarely, the blood vessel wall may weaken, causing it to expand or bulge. This bulge is known as an aneurysm.
Inflammation is part of your body’s immune response against chemicals, bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances. When organs are in danger, your body sends special cells to protect them. These immune cells release chemicals that recruit other cells to isolate and destroy the harmful substance. This also causes the pain, heat, swelling, and redness of inflammation. The inflammation normally goes away after the harmful substance goes away. In vasculitis, the inflammation continues.
Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Blood Test
Image by Belama/Pixabay
It may be possible for your doctor to diagnose the type of vasculitis that you have and how severe or advanced it is. Depending on your signs and symptoms, your doctor may recommend you to a specialist for tests or do diagnostic tests or procedures.
Depending on the organs affected, your doctor may refer you to one or more of the following specialists:
Learn more about the diagnostic tests and procedures your doctor may use to diagnose your vasculitis.
Diagnosis of vasculitis can be difficult. Some types of vasculitis cannot be diagnosed with a test. Instead, your doctor will diagnose you based on your symptoms or complications.
For other types of vasculitis, your doctor may order one or more of the following tests and procedures:
To help diagnose vasculitis, your doctor may need to do tests to rule out other medical conditions that have symptoms and complications that resemble vasculitis, including:
Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Arthritis Panel
These tests are usually ordered when someone is experiencing symptoms commonly associated with arthritis, eg. rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Sjogren’s syndrome, Lyme disease or one of a few other inflammatory forms of arthritis. The panel aids in the differentiation between types of arthritis.
HLA-B27 Antigen Test
Also called: HLA-B27 Test, Human Leukocyte Antigen B27
HLA-B27 antigen test is a genetic test that identifies the presence of the HLA-B27 antigen on the surface of white blood cells. The test is used to diagnose certain autoimmune disorders, particularly those involving the joints and spine.
Rheumatoid Factor (RF) Test
Also called: RF Test, RF Blood Test, Rheumatoid Factor, Rheumatoid Arthritis Factor
This test measures the amount of rheumatoid factor in a sample of your blood. Rheumatoid factors are proteins produced by your immune system that can attack healthy tissue. High levels may be a sign of rheumatoid arthritis or another autoimmune disease.
C-Reactive Protein Test
Also called: CRP
A c-reactive protein test checks for inflammation in the body. Inflammation can be caused by infection, injury, or chronic disease.
This browser does not support the video element.
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Test
Also called: ESR, Westergren sedimentation rate
An erythrocyte sedimentation rate measures how quickly red blood cells settle in a test tube. It can help detect inflammation in the body.
This browser does not support the video element.
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Test
Also called: CCP Antibody, Anticitrullinated peptide antibody, Citrulline antibody, Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, Anti-CCP antibody, ACPA
This test looks for CCP (cyclic citrullinated peptide) antibodies in the blood. CCP antibodies are made by the immune system. Instead of fighting disease-causing substances, CCP antibodies attack healthy tissues in the joints. CCP antibodies can be a sign of rheumatoid arthritis.
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) Test
Also called: ANF (Anti-Nuclear Factor) Test, Fluorescent Anti-Nuclear Antibody (FANA) Test
The test looks for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in a sample of your blood. It is used to see if you have an autoimmune disorder, a condition where the immune system attacks healthy cells.
Proteinase 3 Antibodies Test
Also called: PR3 Ab, Anti-PR3
A proteinase 3 (PR3) antibodies test is performed to help detect autoimmune vascular (blood vessels) disorders. An autoimmune process occurs when a person's immune system mistakenly attacks the own body's cells. In this case, this test helps in diagnosing a condition known as Wegener granulomatosis.
Myeloperoxidase Antibodies Test
Also called: MPO Antibodies
A myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies test is performed to detect an autoimmune disease by screening for MPO antibodies in your blood. This helps in diagnosing vascular autoimmune disorders, like microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) Test
Also called: ANCA, ANCA Antibodies, cANCA, pANCA, Cytoplasmic Neutrophil Antibodies, Anticytoplasmic Autoantibodies
This test looks for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in your blood. ANCAs attack healthy white blood cells called neutrophils. The test helps diagnose autoimmune vasculitis and inflammatory bowel disease.
Hs-CRP Test
Also called: High-sensitivity c-reactive protein, High-sensitivity CRP, Ultra-sensitive CRP, Cardiac CRP
The high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) test is used to measure your heart disease risk even if you seem healthy. It can find much smaller changes in CRP levels than the regular CRP test.
This browser does not support the video element.
This browser does not support the video element.
Eosinophil Count
Also called: Eosinophils (Complete Blood Count), Eosinophils, Eosins, Eos, Eosinopenia Test, Eosinophilia Test
This test measures the amount of eosinophils in a sample of your blood. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell. They help fight off infections and play a role in your body's immune response. An abnormal level of eosinophils in the blood could indicate a number of issues, including infection, allergic reaction, and asthma.
Chest X-Ray Test
Also called: CXR, Chest X Ray, Chest Radiograph, Chest Radiography, Chest Film
A chest X-ray is an imaging test that uses electromagnetic waves to create pictures of the structures in and around the chest. The test can help diagnose and monitor conditions of the heart, lungs, bones, and chest cavity.
This browser does not support the video element.
This browser does not support the video element.
Giant cell Arteritis and Takayasu arteritis (Large Vessel Vasculitis) - signs, pathophysiology
Video by Armando Hasudungan/YouTube
The treatment of Takayasu arteritis is focused on controlling both the inflammatory process and hypertension. Treatment options might include: corticosteroids, medications that block the activity of interkeukin-6 (iL-6 receptor inhibitors), medications that impair the activity of B-lymphocyets (B-cell depletion), medications that are toxic to cells (cytotoxic agents), medications that block the activity of tumor necrosis factor (anti-tumor necrosis factor agents), and antihypertensive agents.
Lifestyle modification including exercise and diet might additionally be recommended.
Source: Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center
Get free access to in-depth articles and track your personal health.
Send this HealthJournal to your friends or across your social medias.