Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or BPD, is a serious lung condition that affects newborns. BPD mostly affects premature newborns who need oxygen therapy, which is oxygen given through nasal prongs, a mask, or a breathing tube.
Most newborns who develop BPD are born more than 10 weeks before their due dates, weigh less than 2 pounds at birth, and have breathing problems. Infections that occur before or shortly after birth also can contribute to BPD.
Most babies who develop BPD are born with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). RDS is a breathing disorder that mostly affects premature newborns. If premature newborns still require oxygen therapy by the time they reach 36 weeks gestation, they are diagnosed with BPD.
Some newborns may need long-term oxygen or breathing support from nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) machines, ventilators, and medicines like bronchodilators. They may continue to have breathing problems throughout childhood and even into adulthood.
As children who have BPD grow, their parents can help reduce the risk of BPD complications. Parents can encourage healthy eating habits and good nutrition. They also can avoid cigarette smoke and other lung irritants.
Source: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)